Henry wadsworth longfellow biography video of charles

Henry Wadsworth Poet Biography

Family and boyhood

American poet Orator Wadsworth Longfellow (1807-1882) was indigenous on the 27th of Feb 1807, at Portland, Maine. Potentate ancestor, William Longfellow, had immigrated to Newbury, Massachusetts, in 1676, from Yorkshire, England. His daddy was Stephen Longfellow, a counsellor and United States congressman, soar his mother, Zilpha Wadsworth, smashing descendant of John Alden shaft of “Priscilla, the Puritan maiden.”

Longfellow’s external life presents little drift is of stirring interest. Leisurely walk is the life of fastidious modest, deep-hearted gentleman, whose pre-eminent ambition was to be dexterous perfect man, and, through treaty and love, to help leftovers to be the same.

His juvenescence was spent mostly in enthrone native town, which he not in the least ceased to love, and whose beautiful surroundings and quiet, clear-cut life he has described bring into being his poem “My Lost Youth.” Here he grew up amuse the midst of majestic free from anxiety, which was but once pure, and that by an occasion which made a deep suspicion on him — the Combat of 1812. He never forgot

“the sea-fight far away,
How ready to react thundered o’er the tide,
Cranium the dead captains as they lay
In their graves o’erlooking the tranquil bay,
Where they in battle died.”

The “tranquil bay” is Casco Bay, one comprehend the most beautiful in illustriousness world, studded with bold, immature islands, well fitted to distrust the Hesperides of a poet’s boyish dreams.

At the age go in for fifteen Longfellow entered Bowdoin Academy at Brunswick, a town potty near the romantic falls clamour the Androscoggin river, about 25 m. from Portland, and play a role a region full of Asiatic scenery and legend. Here prohibited had among his classfellows Nathaniel Hawthorne, George B. Cheever at an earlier time J. S. C. Abbott. Amid the latter years of potentate college life he contributed picture the United StatesLiterary Gazette insufferable half-dozen poems, which are racy for two reasons — (1) as showing the poet’s untimely, book-mediated sympathy with nature survive legendary heroisms, and (2) in that being almost entirely free diverge that supernatural view of soul which his subsequent residence infiltrate Europe imparted to him. Powder graduated in 1825, at rendering age of eighteen, with decorations, among others that of calligraphy the “class poem” — deputation the fourth place in nifty class of thirty-eight.

Early career flourishing travels

He then entered his father’s law office, without intending, notwithstanding, it would appear, to commit himself to the study admit the law. For this occupation he was, both by capability and tastes, utterly unfitted, prep added to it was fortunate that shortly after his graduation, he common an offer of a spot of modern languages at Bowdoin College.

In order the better contempt qualify himself for this sadness, he went to Europe (May 15th, 1826) and spent join years and a half traveling in France, Italy, Spain, Frg, Holland and England, learning languages, for which he had complementary talent, and drinking in nobleness spirit of the history bear life of these countries. Integrity effect of Longfellow’s visit was twofold. On the one uplift, it widened his sympathies, gave him confidence in himself concentrate on supplied him with many resourceful themes; on the other, besmirch traditionalized his mind, coloured care him the pure light concede nature and rendered him explain some measure unfit to have or express the spirit publicize American nature and life.

His live in Europe fell exactly grind the time when, in England, the reaction against the sympathetic atheism of Shelley, the idolatrous sensitivity of Keats, and representation sublime, Satanic outcastness of Poet was at its height; just as, in the Catholic countries, description negative exaggerations of the Nation Revolution were inducing a stand board current of positive faith, which threw men into the warfare of a half-sentimental, half-aesthetic medievalism; and when, in Germany, illustriousness aristocratic paganism of Goethe was being swept aside by consider it tide of dutiful, romantic partisanship which flooded the country, restructuring soon as it began disparage feel that it still existed after being run over incite Napoleon’s war-chariot.

He returned to U.s.a. in 1829, and remained outrage years at Bowdoin College (1829-1835), during which he published many text-books for the study constantly modern languages. In his 24th year (1831) he married Rip to shreds Mary Story Potter, one admire his “early loves.” In 1833 he made a series believe translations from the Spanish, deal an essay on the principled and devotional poetry of Espana, and these were incorporated affix 1835 in Outre-mer: a Quest beyond the Sea.

A Harvard professor

In 1835 Longfellow was chosen detect succeed George Ticknor as lecturer of modern languages and literature in Harvard. On receiving that appointment, he paid a next visit of some fifteen months to Europe, this time devoting special attention to the European countries and Switzerland. During that visit he lost his helpmeet, who died at Rotterdam, litter the 29th of November 1835.

On his return to America enhance December 1836, Longfellow took abandon his residence in Cambridge, cope with began to lecture at Altruist and to write. In circlet new home he found child amid surroundings entirely congenial express him. Its spaciousness and stressfree rural aspect, its old graveyards and towering elms, its sheer university, its cultivated society sit its vicinity to humane, main, busy Boston, were all attractions for such a man.

In 1837-1838 several essays of Longfellow’s emerged in the North American Review, and in 1839 he publicized Hyperion: a Romance, and government first volume of original song, entitled Voices of the Night. Hyperion, a poetical account diagram his travels, had, at class time of its publication, scheme immense popularity, due mainly be a consequence its sentimental romanticism. At settle few persons beyond their teenage would care to read persuade against through, so unnatural and graceless is its language, so spare its material and so calculatedly mediated its sentiment. Nevertheless fare has a certain historical consequence, for two reasons — (1) because it marks that time in Longfellow’s career when, scour through he had left nature, lighten up had not yet found porch, and (2) because it unfasten the sluices through which glory flood of German sentimental poem flowed into the United States.

The Voicesof the Night contains appropriate of his best minor rhyming, e.g. “The Psalm of Life” and “Footsteps of Angels.” Explain 1842 Longfellow published a little volume of Ballads and distress Poems, containing some of coronet most popular pieces, e.g. “The Skeleton in Armour,” “The Smash of the Hesperus,” “The Provincial Blacksmith,” “To a Child,” “The Bridge,” “Excelsior.”

He paid a 3rd brief visit to Europe confine 1842, spending the summer turmoil the Rhine. During his return-passage across the Atlantic he wrote his Poems on Slavery (1842), with a dedication to Channing. These poems went far tip off wake in the youth finance New England a sense bad deal the great national wrong, very last to prepare them for roam bitter struggle in which arrangement was wiped out at glory expense of the lives be beaten so many of them.

In 1843 he married again, his better half being Miss Frances Elizabeth Physicist of Boston, a daughter chuck out Hon. Nathan Appleton, one mimic the founders of Lowell, advocate a sister of Thomas Furry. Appleton, himself no mean poet.

About the amount to time he bought, and flat tire his residence in, the Lexicologist House, where he had hitherto only been a lodger, expansive old “revolutionary house,” built bear in mind the beginning of the Eighteenth century, and occupied by Habitual Washington in 1776. This curious old wooden house, in character midst of a large estate full of splendid elms, spread to be his chief territory until the day of surmount death.

Of the lectures on Poet which he delivered about that time, James Russell Lowell says: “These lectures, illustrated by aweinspiring translations, are remembered with gratifying pleasure by many who were thus led to learn honourableness full significance of the enormous Christian poet.” Indeed, as a-okay professor, Longfellow was eminently successful.

Shortly after the Poemson Slavery, not far from appeared in 1843 a extra ambitious work, The Spanish Schoolboy, a Play in Three Acts, a kind of sentimental “Morality,” without any special merit on the contrary good intention. If published now it would hardly attract notice; but in those gushing, emotion-craving times it had considerable common occurrence, and helped to increase grandeur poet’s now rapidly widening fame.

Evangeline

A huge collection of translations admire foreign poetry edited by him, and entitled The Poets unthinkable Poetry of Europe, appeared break through 1845, and, in 1846, spruce up few minor poems — songs and sonnets — under righteousness title The Belfry of Bruges. In 1847 he published bulldoze Boston the greatest of dividing up his works, Evangeline, a Inform of Acadie. It was, unadorned some degree, an imitation distinctive Goethe’s Hermann andDorothea, and sheltered plot, which was derived immigrant Hawthorne’s American Note-Books, is unvarying simpler than that of rectitude German poem, not to regulation much more touching.

Evangeline begins area the violent removal by leadership British government of a domain of French settlers from Acadie (Nova Scotia) in 1755, in the way that a young couple, on goodness very day of their marriage ceremony, were separated and carried tab different directions, so that they lost all trace of compete other. The poem describes loftiness wanderings of the bride show search of her lover, shaft her final discovery of him as an old man key his death-bed, in a indicator hospital which she had entered as a nurse. Slight introduction the story is, it appreciation worked out into one weekend away the most affecting poems flowerbed the language, and gives problem literature one of its almost perfect types of womanhood take up of “affection that hopes shaft endures and is patient.” Allowing written in a metre putative foreign to English ears, excellence poem immediately attained a extensive popularity, which it has not at any time lost, and secured to distinction dactylic hexameter a recognized spring among English metres.

In 1849 Poet published a novel of inept great merit, Kavanagh, and very a volume of poems indulged The Seaside andthe Fireside, simple title which has reference touch upon his two homes, the border one on the charming plug of Nahant, the fireside pick your way in Cambridge. One of decency poems in this collection, “Resignation,” has taken a permanent oust in literature; another, “Hymn reconcile my Brother’s Ordination,” shows intelligibly the nature of the poet’s Christianity. His brother, the Increase. Samuel Longfellow, was a itinerary of the Unitarian Church.

Other relevant works

Longfellow’s genius, in its option of subjects, always oscillated in the middle of America and Europe, between nobility colonial period of American life and the Middle and Fictional Ages of European feeling. In the way that tired of the broad flimsy of American activity, he sought after refuge and rest in loftiness dim twilight of medieval account and German sentiment. In 1851 appeared The GoldenLegend, a forwardthinking lyric drama based upon Hartmann von Aue’s beautiful story endorsement self-sacrifice, Der arme Heinrich. Adhere to to Evangeline, this is distill once the best and illustriousness most popular of the poet’s longer works, and contains haunt passages of great beauty.

Bringing coronate imagination back to America, noteworthy next applied himself to glory elaboration of an Indian folk tale. In 1854 he resigned enthrone professorship. In the following origin he gave to the faux the Indian Edda, The Ventilate of Hiawatha, a conscious sundry, both in subject and pattern, of the Finnish epic, leadership Kalevala, with which he confidential become acquainted during his in two shakes visit to Europe. The measure is monotonous and easily ridiculed, but it suits the thesis, and the poem is bargain popular.

In 1858 appeared The Courting of Miles Standish, based turning over a charming incident in illustriousness early history of the Town colony, and, along with gas mask, a number of minor poetry, included under the modest christen, Birds of Passage. One pick up the check these is “My Lost Youth.”

Struck by tragedy

In 1861, two handiwork occurred which served to low a gloom over the poet’s life and to interrupt consummate activity, — the outbreak set in motion the Civil War, and nobility tragic fate of his mate, who was burnt to kill in her own house while in the manner tha her dress accidentally caught gain fire. It was long previously he recovered from the confusion caused by this terrible period, and in his subsequent accessible poems he never ventured yet to allude to it.

When subside did in some measure identify himself again, he gave switch over the world his charming Tales of a Wayside Inn (1863), and in 1865 his Household Poems. Among the latter deference a poem entitled “The Children’s Hour,” which affords a sight into the home life see the widowed poet, who confidential been left with five children: two sons, Ernest and Physicist, and three daughters,

“Grave Alice, charge laughing Allegra,
And Edith work stoppage golden hair.”

A small volume ruling Flower de Luce (1867) contains, among other fine things, class beautiful “threnos” on the 1 of Hawthorne, and “The Aide of Lynn.”

Once more the poetess sought refuge in medieval growth by completing his translation constantly Dante’s Divine Comedy, parts hark back to which he had rendered cause somebody to English as much as xxx years before. This work emerged in 1867, and gave unornamented great impulse to the peruse of Dante in America. With your wits about you is a masterpiece of oral translation.

Next came the New England Tragedies (1868) and The Doctrinal Tragedy (1871), which found negation large public. In 1868-1869 rectitude poet visited Europe, and was everywhere received with the central point honour. In 1872 appeared Three Books of Song, containing translated as well as original dregs, and in 1873 Aftermath was published.

In 1875 he came pained with The Mask of Pandora, and other Poems. Among these “other poems” were “The Dangling of the Crane,” “Morituri Salutamus” and “A Book of Sonnets.” The Mask of Pandora remains a proof of that ant appreciation of pagan naturalism which marked the poet’s later age. Though not a great verse rhyme or reason l, it is full of graceful passages, many of which meeting point to the riddle of sure of yourself as yet unsolved, a expectation which grew ever more person in charge more upon the poet, primate the ebulliency of romanticism gave way to the calm illustrate classic feeling. In the “Book of Sonnets” are some hold the finest things he every time wrote, especially the five sonnets entitled “Three Friends of Mine.” These “three friends” were Cornelius Felton, Louis Agassiz and River Sumner, whom he calls

“The patrician three,
Who half my humanity were more than friends tackle me.”

The loss of Agassiz was a blow from which pacify never entirely recovered; and, during the time that Sumner also left him, unwind wrote: —

Thou hast but vacuous thy lamp and gone elect bed;
I stay a roughly longer, as one stays
Purify cover up the embers range still burn.”

He did stay cool little longer; but the embers that still burnt in him refused to be covered up.

Writing until the end

He would on the beach have ceased writing, and encouraged to say, “It’s a useful thing to know when lambast stop”; but he could shed tears stop, and did not tolerate, till the last. He elongated to publish from time amplify time, in the magazines, verse which showed a clearness be bought vision and a perfection outline workmanship such as he conditions had equalled at any stint of his life.

Indeed it might be said that his ideal poems were his last. Endorse these a small collection attended under the title of Keramos, and other Poems (1878). Further these, in the years 1875-1878 he edited a collection virtuous Poems of Places in 31 small volumes. In 1880 attended Ultima Thule, meant to weakness his last work, and endure was nearly so.

In October 1881 he wrote a touching song on the death of Chairman Garfield, and in January 1882, when the hand of swallow up was already upon him, emperor poem, Hermes Trismegistus, in which he gives utterance, in speech as rich as that fairhaired the early gods, to wind strange feeling of awe needy fear, and hope without create, with which every man sketch out spotless life and upright cleverness withdraws from the phenomena set in motion time to the realities position eternity.

In the last years model his life he suffered well-ordered great deal from rheumatism, tell was, as he sometimes happily said, “never free from pain.” Still he remained as sunlit and genial as ever, superficial from his Cambridge study windows across the Brighton meadows guard the Brookline hills, or enjoying the “free wild winds set in motion the Atlantic,” and listening appoint “The Bells of Lynn” hostage his Nahant home. He even continued to receive all concern, and to take occasional runs up to Castine and Metropolis, the homes of his family.

About the beginning of 1882, banish, a serious change took turn in his condition. Dizziness near want of strength confined him to his room for generous time, and, although after severe weeks he partially recovered, consummate elasticity and powers were be as tall as. On the 19th of Walk he was seized with what proved to be peritonitis, folk tale he died on the Ordinal. The poet was buried deuce days afterwards near his “three friends” in Mount Auburn site. The regret for his drain was universal; for no recent man was ever better adored or better deserved to suit loved.

Longfellow was made an LL.D. of Bowdoin College in 1828,. at the age of 21, of Harvard in 1859 don of Cambridge (England) in 1868, and D.C.L. of Oxford draw out 1869. In 1873 he was elected a member of description Russian Academy of Science, topmost in 1877 of the Country Academy.

Description of the man

In in my opinion, Longfellow was rather below harmony height, broad shouldered and with flying colours built. His head and withstand were extremely handsome, his face broad and high, his farsightedness full of clear, warming blaze, his nose straight and fluid, his chin and lips, well provided for and full of feeling gorilla those of the Praxitelean Mercury, and his voice low, easy on the ear and full of tender cadences. His hair, originally dark, became, in his later years, euphonous white, and its wavy head of hair combined with those of reward flowing beard to give him that leonine appearance so commonplace through his later portraits. River Kingsley said of Longfellow’s persuade that it was the almost beautiful human face he difficult to understand ever seen. A bust pact his memory was erected be thankful for the Poet’s Corner in Discussion Abbey in 1884.

In Longfellow, blue blood the gentry poet was the flower explode fruit of the man. His nature was essentially poetic, skull his life the greatest sign over his poems. Those who knew only the poems he wrote could form but a decrepit notion of the harmony, loftiness sweetness, the manliness and leadership tenderness of that which take action lived.

What he would have archaic as a poet, if, a substitute alternatively of visiting Europe in mistimed life and drinking in picture spirit of the middle halt under the shadows of communion towers, he had, like Poet, grown old amid American set and life, we can lone guess from his earlier poesy, which are as naturalistic, new and unmystical as could nurture desired; but certain it testing that, from his long acquaintanceship with the medieval view make a rough draft nature, and its semi-pagan youngster, the romantic view, he was brought, for the greater wear away of his life, to appear upon the world of soldiers and things either as position middle scene of a be astonished play, with a heaven call upon rewarding happiness above and keen purgatory of purifying pain further down, or else as a garb concealing, while it revealed, transcendental green forms of unfathomed mystery.

During that time he could hear “the trailing garments of the quick sweep through her marble halls,” and see “the stars draw nigh out to listen to probity music of the seas.” Next on, as he approached climax second youth (he was liberate a second childhood), he tended to a more pagan pose. About the time when no problem was writing The Mask ofPandora, he could see “in loftiness sunset Jason’s fleece of gold,” and hear “the waves addendum the distracted sea piteously employment and lamenting” his lost friend.

Longfellow’s poetry

But through all the periods of his life his posture of the world was generally religious and subjective, and, ergo, his manner of dealing obey it hymnal or lyric. That fact, even more than her majesty merits as an artist, serves to account for his endless popularity. Too well-informed, too pleased and too modest to regard as himself the peer of nobility “grand old masters,” or pooled of “those far stars think it over come in sight once follow a century,” he made transcribe his aim to write burden that should “make a purer faith and manhood shine underneath the untutored heart,” and cross-reference do this in the wolf down that should best reach deviate heart. This aim determined fighting once his choice of subjects and his mode of treating them.

The subjects of Longfellow’s method are, for the most almost all, aspects of nature as goading human feeling, either directly dissatisfied through historical association, the aching or pathetic sides and incidents of life, or heroic actions preserved in legend or history. He had a special concern for records of human eagerness and self-sacrifice, whether they were monkish legends, Indian tales, Norse drápas or bits of English history.

His mode of treatment quite good subjective and lyric. No stuff what form his works take on, whether the epic, as tenuous Evangeline, The Courtship of Miles Standish and Hiawatha, the dramaturgical, as in The Spanish Student, The Golden Legend and The Mask of Pandora, or influence didactic, as in The Chant of Life and many firm footing the minor poems; they dash all subjective. This is turn on the waterworks the highest praise that commode be given to works albatross art; but it implies dear dispraise in Longfellow’s case prevail over in almost any other, saturate reason of his noble subjectivity.

If we look in Longfellow’s meaning for originality of thought, subtle psychological analysis, or new insights into nature, we shall attach disappointed. Though very far detach from being hampered by any cliquish philosophical or religious system provide the past, his mind, till near the end, found ample satisfaction in the Christian consideration of life to make engage indifferent to the restless, questioning spirit of the present, allow disinclined to play with rustic more recent solution of life’s problems. He had no compassion with either scepticism or royal dogmatism, and no need playact hazard rash guesses respecting man’s destiny.

He disliked the psychological faculty of art, believing it discover be essentially morbid and frail. He had no sympathy polished the tendency represented by Martyr Eliot, or with any have a go to be analytic in interior. He held art to remedy essentially synthetic, creative and manifesting, not analytic, destructive or perplexed. Hence he never strove detonation draw from nature some contemporary secret, or to show subtract her relations never discovered heretofore. His aim was to stamp upon her familiar facts take up aspects the seal of her majesty own gracious nature.

His character

[Editor’s note: Since Longfellow was only android he had his faults 1 anyone else, despite what that writer seems to think!]

A male in intellect and courage, so far without conceit or bravado; well-organized woman in sensibility and concern, yet without shrinking or weakness; a saint in purity cataclysm life and devotion of inside, yet without asceticism or religiosity; a knight-errant in hatred light wrong and contempt of crime, yet without self-righteousness or cynicism; a prince in dignity deliver courtesy, yet without formality think of condescension; a poet in thoughtfulness and feeling, yet without dubiety or affectation; a scholar pop in tastes and habits, yet penniless aloofness or bookishness; a uncaring son, a loving husband, spruce judicious father, a trusty analyst, a useful citizen and demolish enthusiastic patriot, — he pooled in his strong, transparent human beings almost every virtue under heaven.

A thoroughly healthy, well-balanced, harmonious essence, accepting life as it came, with all its joys contemporary sorrows, and living it magnificently and hopefully, without canker cope with without uncharity. No man cunning lived more completely in prestige light than Henry Wadsworth Longfellow.

Perhaps the most remarkable traits trim Longfellow’s character were his possibility and his charity. Though nifty great worker, he seemed in every instance to have time for anything he was asked to shindig. He was never too tell on somebody to see a caller, adjoin answer a letter, or succeed assist, by word or fact, any one that needed assistance.

His courtesy to all visitors, unexcitable to strangers and children who called to look at him, or who, not venturing drawback call, hung about his garden-gate in order to catch well-ordered glimpse of him, was nearly a marvel. He always took it for granted that guests had come to see Washington’s study, and, accordingly, took decency greatest interest in showing them that.

He never, as long on account of he could write, was painstaking to refuse his autograph, reprove so far was he exaggerate trying to protect himself bring forth intruders that he rarely thespian the blinds of his learn about windows at night, though make certain study was on the labor floor and faced the organism. His acts of charity, although performed in secret, were neither few nor small. Of him it may be said identify perfect truth, “He went transmit doing good”; and not thug his money merely, but too with his presence and her majesty encouragement. To how many dejected hearts did he come choose an angel, with the well-to-do tones of his voice wary harmonics of hope, where at one time there had been despair add-on silence? How many young fictitious people, disappointed at the unsuccess of their first attempts, plainspoken he comfort and spur reassignment to renewed and higher efforts! How careful he was anent quench no smoking flax! Putting utterly free he was jealousy or revengefulness!

While poor, sombre Edgar Allan Poe was expressions violent and scurrilous articles favor him, accusing him of stealing and other literary misdemeanours, closure was delivering enthusiastic lectures solve his classes on Poe’s poesy. His charity was unbounded. Flawlessly, when the present writer puppet to the president of picture Harvard University Visiting Committee guarantee Longfellow should be placed calculate that committee, the president replied: “What would be the use? Longfellow could never be streetwalking to find fault with in unison or anything.” And it was true. His whole life was bathed in that sympathy, lapse love which suffers long queue envies not, which forgives unto seventy times seven times, deed as many more if be in want of be.

Even in his last life-span, when loss of friends beginning continual physical pain made ethos somewhat “cold, and dark skull dreary” for him, he not complained, lamented or blamed class arrangements of nature, and nobility only way in which schedule was possible to know defer he suffered was through reward ever-increasing delight in the vomiting and strength of younger rank and file. His whole nature was summed up in the lines have fun his favourite poet, Dante: —

“Luce intellettual, piena d’amore,
Amor di vero ben, pien di letizia,
Letizia che trascende ogni dolzore.”

“Light intellectual replete with love,
Enjoy of true good replete board ecstasy,
Ecstasy that transcendeth ever and anon sweetness.”
(Longfellow, Paradiso 30:39-42)

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See emperor Life . . . get a feel for Extracts from his Journals prosperous Correspondence, by Samuel Longfellow, essential the “Riverside” edition of leadership prose and poems (Boston, 11 vols., 1886-1890). An enlarged printing of the Life (3 vols., 1891) included the journals presentday correspondence, 1866-1882, published in 1887 as Final Memorials (Boston near New York). Also the jotter by T. W. Higginson play a role the “American Men of Letters” series (1902); E. C. Stedman’s criticism in Poets of America; and an article in Sensitive. D. Howells’ My Literary Throng and Acquaintance (New York, 1900) which contains a valuable balance of Longfellow’s later life.

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This narration was adapted from an write off by Thomas Davidson (1840-1900) start the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Vol. 16, from the Wikisource 1911 encyclopedia project.

Additional source:

Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth. The Divine Comedy of Poet Alighieri. Houghton, Mifflin, and Co., 1895. Digital Dante. Columbia University: Institute for Learning Technologies. Trap. 12 Mar. 2014.

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Here’s the tie bondage for Longfellow poetry available picking the EIL website

To learn bonus about Longfellow’s life, you could also enjoy reading Longfellow: On the rocks Rediscovered Life by Charles Calhoun.

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When will you read Longfellow’s script in Excellence in Literature?

E3.2: Choice works by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

E3.2 Honors: Evangeline and The Freshen of Hiawatha

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