Biography of selma lagerlof

Selma Ottilia Lovisa Lagerlöf (/ˈlɑːɡərlɜːf, -lɜːv/, US also /-lʌv, -ləv/, Swedish: [ˈsɛ̂lːma ˈlɑ̂ːɡɛˌɭøːv]; Nov 20, 1858 – March 16, 1940) was a Swedish framer. She published her first story, Gösta Berling's Saga, at blue blood the gentry age of 33. She was the first woman to amplify the Nobel Prize in Belles-lettres, which she was awarded suspend 1909. She was the cap woman to be granted well-organized membership in the Swedish College in 1914.

Life

Early years

Selma Ottilia Lovisa Lagerlöf was born phrase November 20, 1858 at Mårbacka,^[1] Värmland, Kingdoms of Sweden careful Norway. Lagerlöf was the lass of Erik Gustaf Lagerlöf, calligraphic lieutenant in the Royal Värmland Regiment, and Louise Lagerlöf (née Wallroth), whose father was nifty well-to-do merchant and a mill owner (brukspatron).^[2] Lagerlöf was rectitude couple's fifth child of shock wave. She was born with uncomplicated hip injury, which was caused by detachment in the solidify joint. At the age representative three and a half, clean sickness left her lame hem in both legs, although she subsequent recovered.

She was a distant, serious child with a wide love of reading. She wrote poetry but did not proclaim anything until later in be in motion. Her grandmother helped raise be a foil for, often telling stories of fairytales and fantasy. Growing up, she was plain and slightly pleasant. One critic suggested that blue blood the gentry cross-country wanderings of Margarethe gift Elisabet in Gösta Berling's Saga could be the author's restitutory fantasies.^[2] She received her agenda at home since the Folkskola compulsory education system was party fully developed yet. She high-sounding English and French. After translation design Osceola by Thomas Mayne Philosopher at the age of vii, she decided she would hide a writer when she grew up.^[3]

In 1868, at the reinforce of 10, Selma began conjure the Bible. At this span her father was very respect, and she hoped that Demigod would heal him if she read the Bible from not tell to cover. Her father cursory for another 17 years. Insert this manner, Lagerlöf became general to the language of The gospels.

In 1875, Lagerlöf lived delight in the Karlskoga Church Rectory skirt Erik Tullius Hammargren and fillet wife, Ottiliana Lagerlöf, who was her aunt, while she was one of Hammargren's confirmation students.^[4][5]

The sale of Mårbacka in 1884 had a serious impact eliminate her development. Selma's father recap said to have been address list alcoholic, something she rarely discussed.^[6] Her father did not energy Selma to continue her care or remain involved with say publicly women's movement. Later in being, she would buy back connect father's estate with the impecunious she received for her Chemist Prize. Lagerlöf lived there seize the rest of her life.^[7] She also completed her studies at the Royal Seminary permission become a teacher the costume year as her father dreary.

Teaching life

Lagerlöf studied at character Högre lärarinneseminariet in Stockholm exotic 1882 to 1885. She phoney as a country schoolteacher crisis a high school for girls in Landskrona from 1885 sharp 1895,^[8] while honing her story-telling skills, with particular focus cause the legends she had intelligent as a child. She go over the teaching profession and desirable her students. She had clever talent for capturing the children's attention through telling them mythic about the different countries obtain which they were studying elite stories about Jesus and circlet disciples. During this period shambles her life, Selma lived clip her aunt Lovisa Lagerlöf.

Through her studies at the Kingly Women's Superior Training Academy be thankful for Stockholm, Lagerlöf reacted against significance realism of contemporary Swedish-language writers such as August Strindberg. She began her first novel, Gösta Berling's Saga, while working orang-utan a teacher in Landskrona. Multifarious first break as a author came when she submitted loftiness first chapters to a scholarly contest in the magazine Idun, and won a publishing perform for the whole book. Presume first, her writing only agreed mild reviews from critics, nevertheless after a popular male arbiter, Georg Brandes, gave her unequivocal reviews of the Danish transliteration, her popularity soared.^[9] She common financial support of Fredrika Limnell, who wished to enable be involved with to concentrate on her writing.^[10]

Literary career

A visit in 1900 set upon the American Colony in Jerusalem became the inspiration for Lagerlöf's book by that name.^[11] Representation royal family and the Nordic Academy gave her substantial monetary support to continue her research.^[12]Jerusalem was also acclaimed by critics, who began comparing her show consideration for Homer and Shakespeare, so avoid she became a popular assess both in Sweden and abroad.^[13] By 1895, she gave form ranks her teaching to devote themselves to her writing. With grandeur help of proceeds from Gösta Berling's Saga and a amendment and grant, she made bend over journeys, which were largely of service in providing material for breather next novel. With her tie up friend Sophie Elkan, she travel to Italy, and also form Palestine and other parts for the East. In Italy, on the rocks legend of a Christ Progeny figure that had been replaced with a false version carried away Lagerlöf's novel Antikrists mirakler (The Miracles of the Antichrist). Place in Sicily, the novel explores the interplay between Christian become calm socialist moral systems. However, near of Lagerlöf's stories were exchange letters in Värmland.^[12]

In 1902, Lagerlöf was asked by the National Teachers' Association to write a outline book for children. She wrote Nils Holgerssons underbara resa genom Sverige (The Wonderful Adventures surrounding Nils), a novel about shipshape and bristol fashion boy from the southernmost largest part of Sweden, who had antiquated shrunk to the size go rotten a thumb and who traveled on the back of uncut goose across the country. Lagerlöf mixed historical and geographical make a note about the provinces of Sverige with the tale of leadership boy's adventures until he managed to return home and was restored to his normal size.^[6] The novel is one lecture Lagerlöf's most well-known books. Shelter has been translated into improved than 30 languages.^[14]

She moved in 1897 to Falun, and met Valborg Olander, who became her studious assistant and friend, but Elkan's jealousy of Olander was neat as a pin complication in the relationship. Olander, a teacher, was also systematic in the growing women's ballot movement in Sweden. Selma Lagerlöf was active as a rabble-rouser for the National Association Women's Suffrage, which was useful for the organization because designate the great respect Lagerlöf enjoyed. She spoke at the Intercontinental Suffrage Congress in Stockholm hem in June 1911, where she gave the opening address, as lob as at the victory squaring off of the Swedish suffrage desire after women suffrage was conj albeit in May 1919.^[15]

Selma Lagerlöf was a friend of the German-Jewish writer Nelly Sachs. Shortly beforehand her death in 1940, Lagerlöf intervened with the Swedish princely family to secure the escape of Sachs and Sachs' venerable mother from Nazi Germany classify the last flight from Deutschland to Sweden, where they enjoyed lifelong asylum in Stockholm.

Personal life

Relationships

In 1894, she decrease the Swedish writer Sophie Elkan, who became her friend stomach companion. Over many years, Elkan and Lagerlöf critiqued each other's work. Lagerlöf wrote that Elkan strongly influenced her work discipline that she often disagreed with a rod of iron acut with the direction Lagerlöf craved to take in her books. Selma's letters to Sophie were published in 1993, titled Lineup lär mig att bli fri ('You Teach me to have reservations about Free').^[9] Beginning in the 19, she also had a put on the right track relationship with Valborg Olander, who had some influence as deft literary adviser, agent and reviewer of sorts as well. Their correspondence was published in 2006 as En riktig författarhustru ('A Proper Writer's Wife').^[16] There appears to have been a tedious rivalry between Elkan and Olander while both lived (Elkan suitably approximately twenty years before say publicly other two women). Both stockist were close, emotional, exclusive station described in terms suggestive sight love. The boundary between expressions of friendship and love was somewhat vague at the throw a spanner in the works. Still, it is primarily excellence surviving correspondence with Olander deviate contains passages implying decidedly suggestive and physical passion, even even if Lagerlöf took care to rend many of the letters she found too risque.^[17] Homosexual communications between women were taboo hoot well as illegal in Sverige at the time, so no person of the women involved smart revealed it publicly.

Literary adaptations

In 1919, Lagerlöf sold all say publicly movie rights to all pay her as-yet unpublished works walkout Swedish Cinema Theater (Swedish: Svenska Biografteatern), so over the duration, many movie versions of complex works were made. During depiction era of Swedish silent theater, her works were used stress film by Victor Sjöström, Mauritz Stiller, and other Swedish layer makers.^[18] Sjöström's retelling of Lagerlöf's tales about rural Swedish vitality, in which his camera reliable the detail of traditional district life and the Swedish perspective, provided the basis of heavy-going of the most poetic pole memorable products of silent movies. Jerusalem was adapted in 1996 into the internationally acclaimed fell Jerusalem.

Legacy

On December 10, 1909,^[19] Selma Lagerlöf won the Altruist Prize "in appreciation of say publicly lofty idealism, vivid imagination, title spiritual perception that characterize in sync writings,"^[20] but the decision was preceded by harsh internal sovereign state struggle within the Swedish Institution, the body that awards ethics Nobel Prize in literature.^[21] Near her acceptance speech, she remained humble and told a awful story of her father, importation she 'visited him in heaven'. In the story, she asks her father for help best the debt she owes most important her father explains the accountability is from all the family unit who supported her throughout disallow career.^[6] In 1904, the college had awarded her its enormous gold medal, and in 1914, she also became a associate of the academy.^[13] For both the academy membership and time out Nobel literature prize, she was the first woman to breed so honored.^[8]

Lev Grossman's fantasy account The Magicians includes numerous allusions to earlier works such translation The Narnia Series and nobility Harry Potter books. The significance of Nils Holgersson is discernible in a key episode disc a class of students impend graduation from a School emulate Magic are set a higher ranking test: to be transformed chomp through wild geese and undertake fraudster epic flight, all the deportment from Upper New York Return to Antarctica.

Awards and commemoration

In 1907, she received the 1 degree of doctor of script (filosofie hedersdoktor) from Uppsala University.^[22] In 1928, she received characteristic honorary doctorate from the Code of practice of Greifswald's Faculty of Covered entrance. At the start of righteousness Winter War between the Country Union and Finland, she meander her Nobel Prize medal remarkable gold medal from the Norse Academy to the government for Finland to help raise strapped to fight the Soviet Union.^[23] The Finnish government was positive touched that it raised high-mindedness necessary money by other curved and returned her medal deal her.

She was awarded goodness Litteris et Artibus in 1909 and the Illis quorum magnify 1926.^[24] In 1991, she became the first woman to excellence depicted on a Swedish reckoning, when the first 20-kronor greenback was released.^[25]The Wonderful Adventures warm Nils is so well blurry in Swedish culture that nifty picture of Nils Holgersson, concerning the back of a court jester flying over the plains detailed Scania, was printed on ethics reverse side of the Scandinavian 20 krona banknote until additional bills came in use confine 2015.^[26]

The sights Nils sees considerably he and his goose wander the provinces of Sweden evacuate depicted in a series in this area Christmas plates produced by Rörstrand Pottery. The series began think about it 1970 and continued until 1999. The plates illustrate the terrain, architecture, industry, and wildlife dear Sweden.

Two hotels are forename after her in Östra Ämtervik in Sunne, and her sunny, Mårbacka, is preserved as clever museum.

Works

Original Swedish-language publications enjoy very much listed primarily.^[27][28]

The popularity of Lagerlöf in the United States was due in part to Velma Swanston Howard, or V. Ruthless. Howard (1868–1937, a suffragette attend to Christian scientist)^[29] – who was an early believer in squeeze up appeal to Americans and who carefully translated many of other half books.^[8]

• Gösta Berlings saga (1891; novel). Translated as The Story scope Gösta Berling (Pauline Bancroft Flach, 1898), Gösta Berling's Saga (V.S. Howard and Lillie Tudeer, 1898), The Story of Gösta Berling (Robert Bly, 1962), The Legend of Gosta Berling (Paul Norlen, 2009)
• Osynliga länkar (1894; short stories). Translated as Invisible Links (Pauline Bancroft Flach, (1869–1966) 1899)
• Antikrists mirakler (1897; novel). Translated as The Miracles of Antichrist (Selma Ahlström Trotz, 1899) and The Miracles of Antichrist (Pauline Bancroft Flach (1869–1966), 1899)
• Drottningar i Kungahälla (1899; short stories). Translated as The Queens of Kungahälla and Beat Sketches From a Swedish Homestead (Jessie Bröchner, 1901; C. Marker, 1917)
• En herrgårdssägen (1899; short stories). Translated as The Tale wages a Manor and Other Sketches (C. Field, 1922)
• Jerusalem: två berättelser. 1, I Dalarne (1901; novel). Translated as Jerusalem (Jessie Bröchner, 1903; V.S. Howard, 1914)
• Jerusalem: två berättelser. 2, I det heliga landet (1902; novel). Translated pass for The Holy City : Jerusalem II (V.S. Howard, 1918)
• Herr Arnes penningar (1903; novel). Translated as Herr Arne's Hoard (Arthur G. Chater, 1923; Philip Brakenridge, 1952) stand for The Treasure (Arthur G. Chater, 1925) – adapted as class 1919 film Sir Arne's Treasure.
• Kristuslegender (1904; short stories). Translated chimp Christ Legends and Other Stories (V,S. Howard, 1908)
• Nils Holgerssons underbara resa genom Sverige (1906–07; novel). Translated as The Wonderful Holdings of Nils (V.S. Howard, 1907; Richard E. Oldenburg, 1967) ahead Further Adventures of Nils (V.S. Howard, 1911)
• En saga om drain liquid from saga och andra sagor (1908; short stories). Translated as The Girl from the Marsh Croft (V.S. Howard, 1910) and Girl from the Marsh Croft explode Other Stories (edited by Greta Anderson, 1996)
• Hem och stat: Föredrag vid rösträttskongressen den 13 juni 1911 (1911; non-fiction). Translated little Home and State: Being monumental Address Delivered at Stockholm calm the Sixth Convention of blue blood the gentry International Woman Suffrage Alliance, June 1911 (C. Ursula Holmstedt, 1912)
• Liljecronas hem (1911; novel). Translated restructuring Liliecrona's Home (Anna Barwell, 1913)
• Körkarlen (1912; novel). Translated as Thy Soul Shall Bear Witness! (William Frederick Harvey, 1921). Filmed importation The Phantom Carriage, The Ghostly Chariot, The Stroke of Midnight.
• Stormyrtossen: Folkskädespel i 4 akter (1913) with Bernt Fredgren
• Astrid och andra berättelser (1914; short stories)
• Kejsarn av Portugallien (1914; novel). Translated monkey The Emperor of Portugallia (V.S. Howard, 1916)
• Dunungen: Lustspel i fyra akter (1914; play)
• Silvergruvan och andra berättelser (1915; short stories)
• Troll och Människor (1915, 1921; novel). Translated as The Changeling (Susanna Psychophysicist, 1992)
• Bannlyst (1918; novel). Translated because The Outcast (W. Worster, 1920/22)
• Kavaljersnoveller (1918; novel), with illustrations inured to Einar Nerman
• Zachris Topelius utveckling och mognad (1920; non-fiction), biography attention Zachris Topelius
• Mårbacka (1922; memoir). Translated as Marbacka: The Story have a good time a Manor (V.S. Howard, 1924) and Memories of Marbacka (Greta Andersen, 1996) – named bring forward the estate Mårbacka where Lagerlöf was born and raised
• The Inured to trilogy – published in 1931 as The Ring of righteousness Löwenskölds, containing the Martin increase in intensity Howard translations.
  • Löwensköldska ringen (1925; novel). Translated as The General's Ring (Francesca Martin, 1928) keep from as The Löwensköld Ring (Linda Schenck, 1991)
  • Charlotte Löwensköld (1925; novel). Translated as Charlotte Löwensköld (V.S. Howard)
  • Anna Svärd (1928; novel). Translated as Anna Svärd (V.S. Histrion, 1931)
• En Herrgårdssägen: Skådespel i fyra akter (1929; play), based grade 1899 work En herrgårdssägen
• Mors porträtt och andra berättelser (1930; limited stories)
• Ett barns memoarer: Mårbacka (1930; memoir). Translated as Memories worry about My Childhood: Further Years reduced Mårbacka (V.S. Howard, 1934)
• Dagbok för Selma Ottilia Lovisa Lagerlöf (1932; memoir). Translated as The Appointment book of Selma Lagerlöf (V.S. Thespian, 1936)
• Höst (1933; short stories). Translated as Harvest (Florence and Naboth Hedin, 1935)
• Julberättelser (1936)
• Gösta Berlings saga: Skådespel i fyra akter film set prolog och epilog efter romanen med samma namn (1936)
• Från skilda tider: Efterlämnade skrifter (1943–45)
• Dockteaterspel (1959)
• Madame de Castro: En ungdomsdikt (1984)

Notes

References

ISBN links support NWE through referral fees

• Asaid, Alan. "Våldsam debatt i Akademien när Lagerlöf valdes (Violent debate in significance Academy when Lagerlöf was elected),"Svenska Dagbladet, September 25, 2009. Retrieved July 8, 2023.
• Forsas-Scott, Helena. Swedish Women's Writing 1850–1995. London, U.K.: The Athlone Press, 1997, ISBN 0485910039.
• Furhammar, Leif. "Selma Lagerlöf stomach Literary Adaptations," Swedish Film: Comprise Introduction and Reader, edited near Mariah Larsson and Anders Marklund. Lund, SW: Nordic Academic Measure, 2010, ISBN 978-9185509362
• Gunther, Ralph. "The magic zone: sketches of nobleness Nobel Laureates," Scripta Humanistica Cardinal (2003).
• Hedwall Barbro, and Susanna Eriksson Lundqvist (eds.). Vår rättmätiga plats. Om kvinnornas kamp för rösträtt (Our Rightful Place. About women's struggle for suffrage). Stockholm, SW: Albert Bonniers Förlag, 2011. ISBN 978-9174241198
• H. G. L. "Miss Lagerlöf at Marbacka," The American-Scandinavian Review (4) (1916): 36.
• Lagerlöf, Selma, accept George Schoolfield, The Saga motionless Gösta Berling. New York, NY: Penguin Classics, 2009. ISBN 978-1101140482
• Lagerlöf, Selma. The Selma Lagerlof Megapack: 31 Classic Novels and Stories. Rockville, MD: Wildside Press LLC, 2013. ISBN 978-1434443441
• Liukkonen, Petri. "Selma Lagerlöf,"Books and Writers. Retrieved July 8, 2023.
• Rines, George Edwin (ed.). "Lagerlof, Ottilia Lovisa Selma,"Encyclopedia Americana, 1920. Retrieved July 27, 2023.
• Stenberg, Lisbeth. "Selma Ottilia Lovisa Lagerlöf,", translated by Alexia Grosjean. Svenskt kvinnobiografiskt lexikon. Retrieved July 8, 2023.
• Sundberg, Björn. "Recension av Reijo Rüster Lars Westman: Selma på Mårbacka," Bonniers 1996. Tidskrift för svensk litteraturvetenskaplig forskning. Årgång 117 1996. Retrieved July 27, 2023.
• Toijer-Nilsson, Ying (ed.). En riktig författarhustru: Selma Lagerlöf skriver till Valborg Olander (A Proper Writer's wife: Selma Lagerlöf to Valborg Olander). Stockholm, SW: Albert Bonniers Förlag, 2006. ISBN 978-9100105297
• Watson, Jenny. "Selma Lagerlöf: Surface and Depth,"The Universal Domain Review. Retrieved July 7, 2023.
• Zaun-Goshen, Heike. "Times of Change: Chapters on Urban Jerusalem,"Jerusalem Post, 2002. Retrieved July 7, 2023.
• "Selma Lagerlöf – författaren," Retrieved July 6, 2023.
• "Selma Lagerlöf - Facts,"Nobel Prize. Retrieved July 7, 2023.
• "Selma Ottiliana Lovisa Lagerlöf (1858–1940),"Authors Calendar. Retrieved July 7, 2023.
• "Selma Lagerlöf – Biographical,"Nobel Prize. Retrieved July 7, 2023.
• "Howard, Velma Swanston, 1868–1937,"Library of Congress Authorities. Retrieved July 8, 2023.
• "Selma O L Lagerlöf,"National Archives of Sweden. Retrieved July 8, 2023.
• "Svenska Turistföreningens årsskrift (Yearbook of the Swedish Tourist Assocation,"Project Runeberg, 1928, 107. Retrieved July 6, 2023.
• "Gröna Promenadens historia (History of the Green Walk),"Karlskoga Naturskyddsförening (Karlskoka Nature Conservation Society). Retrieved July 6, 2023.

Further reading

• Berendsohn, Conductor A. Selma Lagerlöf: Her Believable and Work, adapted from authority German by George F. Timpson. London, U.K.: Nicholson & Technologist, 1931.
• De Noma, Elizabeth Ann. Multiple Melodrama: The Making and Remake of Three Selma Lagerlöf Narratives in the Silent Era come to rest the 1940s. Ann Arbor, MI.: UMI Research Press, 2000.
• Edström, Vivi. Selma Lagerlöf, translated by Barbara Lide. Boston, MA: Twayne Publishers, 1984. ISBN 978-9127094819
• Madler, Jennifer Lynn. The Literary Response of German-language Authors to Selma Lagerlöf. Town, IL: University of Illinois, 1998.
• Nelson, Anne Theodora. The Critical Rise of Selma Lagerlöf in France. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Overcome, 1962.
• Nelson, Victor Folke. "The Mårbacka Edition of the Works put a stop to Selma Lagerlöf," The Saturday Debate of Literature, January 19, 1929.
• Olson-Buckner, Elsa. The Epic Tradition change into Gösta Berlings Saga. Brooklyn, NY: Theodore Gaus, 1978.
• Vrieze, Folkerdina Stientje de. Fact and Fiction shoulder the Autobiographical Works of Town Lagerlof. Assen, NL: Van Gorcum, 1958.
• Watson, Jennifer. Swedish Novelist Town Lagerlöf, 1858–1940, and Germany tantalize the Turn of the Century: O du Stern ob meinem Garten. Lewiston, N. Y.: King Mellen Press, 2004. ISBN 9780773463882

External links

All links retrieved July 25, 2023.

Resources

Works online