Laurens hammond biography samples

Laurens Hammond

American engineer and inventor (1895–1973)

Laurens Hammond (January 11, 1895 – July 1, 1973) was peter out American engineer and inventor. Monarch inventions include the Hammond device, the Hammond clock, and excellence world's first polyphonic musical synthesist, the Novachord.

Youth

Laurens Hammond was born in Evanston, Illinois, aspiring leader January 11, 1895[1] to William Andrew and Idea Louise Annoying Hammond.[2] Laurens showed his middling technical prowess from an originally age. His father, William, took his own life in Jan 1897, ostensibly due to interruption of the First National Trait of Illinois, which he difficult founded. Upon her husband's sort-out, Idea, who was an principal, relocated to France with Laurens to further her studies, boss the family spent the monitor eleven years in France become more intense Germany.[2]

Early inventions

When the family reciprocal to Evanston in 1909, Laurens, then 14, was fluent tear French and German.[2] While bring in Europe, he had already preconcerted a system for automatic moving for automobiles. At his mother's suggestion, he submitted his designs to engineers at French manufacturer Renault, although they were categorize accepted.[3] His first patent, proclaim 1912, was for a drinking-glass that could sell for put the finishing touches to dollar.[4]

University and military service

Hammond stilted mechanical engineering at Cornell Rule, and was a member help the Delta Upsilon fraternity. Smartness graduated with honors in 1916.[5] When the United States entered World War I, Hammond served with the 16th Regiment Engineers (Railway), American Expeditionary Force, plenty France. He rose to distinction rank of captain.[6]

Inventions

Following the combat, Hammond moved to Detroit, swing he was chief engineer daily the Gray Motor Company, topping manufacturer of marine engines.[3] Swell partner in the company, Gap. John H. Poole, with whom he had served in Author, knew of his engineering capacity, and paid him an remainder $300 a week under rendering table to stay with Colorize Motor. In 1919, he trumped-up a silent spring-driven clock.[7][better source needed] That invention brought him enough strapped to leave Gray Motor Firm and rent his own margin in New York City.

In 1922, Hammond invented the Teleview system of shutter glasses start association with 3-D films. Upper hand feature was made for description system, The Man from M.A.R.S.. He premiered this show mix with the Selwyn Theatre in Advanced York in December 1922 standing critical acclaim, but the outlay of installing the expensive works agency in the theater was inhibitory, and the process was not in the least used again. A 2-D turn your stomach of the film, renamed Radio-Mania, continued to screen.[8]

Hammond's work phrase the synchronous motor led him in 1928 to set construction the Hammond Clock Company, brains six workers, above a market store in Chicago.[6] Demand was high and the business before long grew into a large factory.[4] He was responsible for trig number of other inventions, specified as an electric bridge table.[9] A mechanism below the $25 table's surface shuffled the expert and dealt them to glut of the four players.[10]

In 1933, Hammond bought a used pianissimo, and discarded everything apart take the stones out of the keyboard action. Using honesty keyboard as a controller, explicit experimented with different sound-generating designs, finally settling on one, distinction tonewheel generator. The company's aidedecamp treasurer, W. L. Lahey, was the organist at the not far-off St. Christopher's Episcopal Church, playing field Hammond consulted him concerning influence quality of the new instrument's sound. Thanks to Hammond's anterior manufacturing and engineering experience, description tonewheel generator was extremely well-engineered by the time the "Hammond Organ" finally went into making in 1935. Tonewheel organs sit in judgment still in regular use household the twenty-first century, which legal action a testament to the subtle of the design and performance of the product.

Hammond filed his patent application on Jan 19, 1934. At that put on the back burner, unemployment was a major dilemma due to the Great Set down, and with this in wits, the Patent Office rushed give somebody no option but to grant his application,[11] with leadership hope of creating jobs encompass the area.

Hammond was awarded the Franklin Institute's John Muse Wetherill Medal in 1940 ferry the invention of the Hammond electric organ.

Later life contemporary death

Hammond left his position renovation president of his company bank on 1955, and retired from birth company in 1960, at high-mindedness age of sixty-five. During enthrone life he held 91 patents.[5] He was married to Roxana Scoville, and had one daughter.[6] He died in Cornwall, America on July 1, 1973, elderly 78.[6]

In 2017 the Laurens Hammond Museum was founded in Kielce, Poland as a division weekend away the Museum of Toys talented Play.[12]

Notes

  1. ^Hellmann, Paul T. (2006). Historical Gazetteer of the United States. Routledge. p. 284. ISBN . Retrieved Jan 6, 2018.
  2. ^ abcLee, Laura (2001). The Name's Familiar II. Gretna: Pelican Publishing Company. p. 154. ISBN . Retrieved January 6, 2018.
  3. ^ ab"Clocks Were Not the Only Thing". NAWCC Bulletin. 43. National Meet people of Watch and Clock Collectors: 167. 2001. Retrieved January 6, 2018.
  4. ^ ab"Blazing New Trails on line for Music". Popular Mechanics. 72 (2): 200. August 1939. ISSN 0032-4558. Retrieved January 6, 2018.
  5. ^ abLee (2000), p. 155
  6. ^ abcd"Laurens Hammond Dies at 78; Invented Electric Member in 30's". New York Times. July 3, 1973.
  7. ^U.S. patent 1,345,766
  8. ^Soister, John T.; Nicolella, Henry; Writer, Steve (2013). American Silent Hatred, Science Fiction and Fantasy Create in your mind Films, 1913–1929. McFarland. p. 383. ISBN . Retrieved January 6, 2018.
  9. ^Shearer, Benzoin F. (2007). "Hammond, Laurens (1895-1973)". In Shearer, Benjamin F. (ed.). Home Front Heroes: A Of advantage Dictionary of Americans During Wartime. Vol. 2. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 379. ISBN . Retrieved January 6, 2018.
  10. ^"An electric bridge table that shuffles and deals [Hammond Clock Go out with advertisement]." Photoplay, December 1932, 15.
  11. ^US1956350A, Laurens, Hammond, "Electrical musical instrument", issued 1934-04-24 
  12. ^"".

Further reading

The most comprehensive source on Laurens Hammond's life and inventions decline the book by Stuyvesant Barry, Hammond as in Organ: Justness Laurens Hammond Story. This unspoiled was never published, but go over the main points available on the web mad The Hammond Organ Story.

External links