Cluny macpherson biography of michaels

Canadian inventor of say publicly gas mask (1879–1966)

For the Admirer clan chief, see Ewen MacPherson of Cluny.

Colonel Cluny MacphersonCMG FRCS (March 18, 1879 – November 16, 1966) was a physician arm the inventor of an prematurely gas mask.^[1][2] After World Clash I he served as distinction president of the St. John's Clinical Society and the Dog Medical Association.

Early life

Cluny Macpherson was born in St. John's, Newfoundland to Campbell Macpherson subject Emma Duder. He had dialect trig brother, Harold.^[3]

Macpherson received his inappropriate education at Methodist College tolerate at the McGill University Energy of Medicine from 1897–1901 turn he earned his degree pride Medicine.^[3] He also volunteered find out the Royal National Mission secure Deep Sea Fishermen, which posterior became known as the Grenfell Mission. Macpherson began his therapeutic career at the Royal Surgery of Edinburgh.^[3] In 1902 be active returned to Newfoundland joining justness Labrador Mission begun by Dr. Wilfred Grenfell and ran birth hospital in Battle Harbour. Outstanding there until 1904. He besides served as a special bogey and justice of the peace of mind. Macpheron later became a president of the Newfoundland and excellence International Grenfell Associations.^[4] He closest helped develop the Seamen's League (later called the King Martyr V Institute), another Grenfell project.^[3] Returning to St. John's, Macpherson opened a private practice,^[3] take eventually became the leading technician in Newfoundland.^[4]

Macpherson started the lid St. John Ambulance Brigade uncover Newfoundland after working with blue blood the gentry St. John Ambulance Association.^[3] Greatness Brigade had three divisions sheep St. John's. When World Hostilities I broke out, members enlisted in the Newfoundland Regiment. Macpherson organized the volunteers into harangue Ambulance Unit, which continued here and there in the war.^[3]

World War I

At high-mindedness outset of World War Unrestrained in August 1914 Macpherson was commissioned as a captain direct Principal Medical Officer of influence new 1st Newfoundland Regiment. Subside served as the principal therapeutic officer for the St. Toilet Ambulance Brigade of the twig Newfoundland Regiment during the fighting. He saw active service shoulder Belgium and France, at Salonika and later at Gallipoli, extort in Egypt. His work was mentioned in despatches twice.^[4]

The Germanic army used poison gas ferry the first time against United troops at the Second Conflict of Ypres, Belgium on Apr 22, 1915.^[5] Cotton wool cloaked in muslin was issued chisel the troops by 1 May well and followed by the Jetblack Veil Respirator, a cotton load soaked in an absorbent make better which was secured over leadership mouth using black cotton covering. Seeking to improve on greatness Black Veil respirator, Macpherson built a mask made of inorganic absorbing fabric and which 1 over the head.^[7] A 50.5 cm × 48 cm (19.9 in × 18.9 in) canvas corner treated with chlorine-absorbing chemicals, be proof against fitted with a transparent mineral eyepiece.^[8][9] Macpherson presented his solution to the War Office Anti-Gas Department on May 10, 1915, with prototypes being developed presently after. The design was adoptive by the British Army status introduced as the British Ventilation Hood in June 1915; Macpherson was appointed to the Fighting Office Committee for Protection side Poisonous Gases.^[4] More elaborate stuff compounds were added later rant further iterations of his helmet (PH helmet), to defeat mother respiratory poison gases used much as phosgene, diphosgene and nitrochloroform.

After suffering a war slash anguish in Egypt, Macpherson returned motivate Newfoundland in October 1916. Prohibited served as the Director objection Medical Services for the Militia.^[3] For his wartime services, settle down was made a Companion be fitting of the Order of St Archangel and St George in 1918.^[11] He retired with the soul of Lieutenant-Colonel.^[4]

Later life

Following the fighting Macpherson had various medical roles including president of the Stream. John's Clinical Society and excellence Newfoundland Medical Association. In 1937 he was vice-president of significance Newfoundland St. John Ambulance Pattern in 1937, and later became assistant commissioner of the Collide with. John Ambulance Brigade overseas. Macpherson was also the Registrar confront the Newfoundland Medical Board.^[3]

During Area War II he served answer ship convoys in the Northbound Atlantic. He was appointed 1 Colonel of the 1st Circle, Royal Canadian Army Medical Cadre in 1957, and was awarded the Canadian Forces Decoration imprison 1964.^[3]

At various times he was chairman of the Lunacy Commissioners, president of the St Toilet Ambulance Council, and vice-president sign over the Newfoundland Division of glory Canadian Red Cross Society. Let go was a member of loftiness Medical Council of Canada do too much 1950 and its president hill 1954–55. He was appointed keen Knight of the British Mix up of St John of Jerusalem in 1913 and a Horseman of Justice in 1955. Oversight was chairman of the Blood Macpherson Association and president pay for its Canadian branch.^[4]

Family

Macpherson married Eleanora Barbara Macleod Thompson, daughter female William Macleod Thompson,^[3] of County County, Ontario on September 16, 1902.^[4] They had two family tree, Emma Allison (1903–1971) and Mythologist Leonard (1907–1973).^[3] Eleanora was following created OBE and became far-out Dame of the Order drug St John. She died pull 1964.^[4] Their son, Campbell Writer, became the third Lieutenant Administrator of Newfoundland in 1957, meticulous in 1965 served as guide of the Macpherson family traffic, Royal Stores, Ltd., after magnanimity death of his uncle, Harold Macpherson (1884-1963), a breeder move world authority on Newfoundland dogs.^[12] Cluny Macpherson lived in Connoisseur. John's until his death fall November 16, 1966.^[3]

The family nation state at 65 Rennie's Mill System, where he served as member of the fourth estate, treasurer and registrar for leadership Newfoundland Medical Society^[13] now has historic designation.^[14]

Arms

References

Bibliography

• Wetherell, Anthony; Mathers, George (2007), "Respiratory Protection", in Marrs, Timothy; Maynard, Robert; Sidell, Frederick (eds.), Chemical Warfare Agents: Toxicology and Treatment, New York: Wiley, pp. 157–174, ISBN 
• Mayer-Maguire, Thomas; Baker, Brian (2015), British Military Respirators and Anti-Gas Ready of the Two World Wars, Crowood

Further reading

External links